Industrial refrigeration systems that are widely used include industrial ice machines and freezer warehouses. In terms of operating principles, these two refrigeration systems work relatively similarly. However, there are still differences between them. With cold storage, they cool with forced convection air thanks to the air freezer system, while today’s ice makers often use both water and air. In the article below, we will learn more about what a cold storage system is.
What is a cold storage system?
The cold storage system can provide frozen products in block or loose form. Food is placed in trays and loaded onto multi-layer stainless steel freezer trucks. There is a distance between the floors large enough to arrange product trays, with a certain amount of clearance so that air can circulate.
Freezing cold storage system
Forced cold air circulation circulates in the warehouse through the gap between the trays and exchanges heat on both sides. Thanks to the impact of the heat above, it exchanges directly with the product, the bottom exchanges heat through the freezing tray, along with conduction of heat into the product.
With frozen storage, the air temperature in the supply chamber reaches about -35 degrees Celsius in a fairly quick time. For loose products, each batch takes 3 hours, for block products, each batch takes 7 to 9 hours.
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The location of the cold storage indoor unit can be on high or on the ground. With large capacity warehouses, the solution is to lay a foundation due to the heavy volume. With large capacity warehouses, the solution is to lay a foundation due to the heavy volume.
Frost accumulation often occurs in frozen warehouses because the product is fresh and exposed, so defrosting is required regularly. But if you overuse defrosting, each time you defrost with water there will be certain associated losses, and stop cooling, so the defrosting time will be longer.
With frozen storage, you can store a large batch at a time, but the freezing time will be prolonged.
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Advantages and disadvantages of cold storage freezing systems
The cold storage system has the following advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages of cold storage freezing
Cold storage technology brings many advantages as follows:
- Safe and preservative-free: Cold storage freezers ensure a high level of safety without the use of chemical preservatives.
- Preserve fresh and nutritious food: Keep food well preserved, retain its flavor and nutritional quality.
- Ensuring a year-round food supply: Supports the provision of stable food sources in all seasons and weather conditions, while ensuring safety during transportation
- Convenience and flexibility: Provides convenience and flexibility in storing and handling goods at a variety of locations.
- Guaranteed for long-term use: Ensures that goods stored in cold storage can be used for a long time without damage.
- Commitment to long-term effectiveness: Promises efficiency and cost savings over long-term use, superior to traditional preservation methods.
What are the advantages of cold storage?
Disadvantages of cold storage
Disadvantages of cold storage systems include:
- Not suitable for small and unstable production: The system is not suitable for small production scales or unstable products and productivity.
- Continuous requirements for performance: To achieve maximum machine performance, the product must be continuously frozen, which requires a continuous work flow.
- High initial investment costs: Large initial investment due to requirements for modern refrigeration equipment and technology, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises
- High energy consumption: The system needs to consume a significant amount of energy to maintain extremely low temperatures in the cold storage.
- Requires large storage space and good insulation system: Large storage space and high quality insulation system are required to maintain the required temperature for cold storage.
- Time to defrost food: Before use, frozen food needs to be defrosted, which requires time and advance planning.
Equipment of refrigeration system for freezer storage
The equipment of the freezer storage refrigeration system includes:
- Compressor: the freezer storage refrigeration system uses a two-stage compressor.
- Heat recovery liquid separator: in cold storage refrigeration systems, devices often have a combination of one or more uses. For example, in the Freon system, people use a liquid separator and combined heat recovery function to increase functional efficiency.
- Intermediate tank: two-level freezer storage refrigeration system using Freon usually uses horizontal intermediate tank. This type of tank has a fairly compact size and is easy to install and operate, especially with few accompanying equipment. With the NH3 system, people use a vertical intermediate tank, and with a small system, they use a plate-type intermediate tank with low cost and efficiency.
- Warehouse shell: like many other types of warehouse, the warehouse shell is made from 150mm thick polyurethane panels. But with the cold storage system, the warehouse floor does not use panels but is made of concrete to help withstand large loads. This floor also has insulation lining like built warehouse floors Additionally, to help with even circulation, circulation ventilation channels can be installed.
>>>See more: Instructions on how to operate air freezers properly – Tan Long
Size of freezer warehouse
It is difficult to determine the size of a cold storage system using conventional calculations because they have large indoor units under the floor, along with a false ceiling system that circulates air and many gaps to help repair the cooling units. The remaining main space is for arranging carts and goods. Therefore, it is necessary to base on the freezing capacity to determine the size of the refrigeration system. However, it should be noted that with warehouses, the loading coefficient is much smaller than cold storage.
Insulation structure of refrigeration system for freezer storage
The walls and ceiling of the freezer storage refrigeration system are assembled from polyurethane insulation panels. . The thickness of the freezer warehouse wall is quite large, about 150mm The structure of the panels is quite large and consists of three layers. Two layers of color-coated corrugated iron on both sides and in the middle is a layer of polyurethane.
The base insulation structure of the cold storage system has the following characteristics:
- To avoid the foundation from freezing below, right under the concrete layer, PVC ventilation pipes are arranged about 1000mm apart in a zigzag line, with both ends of the pipes raised to let outside air out and help ventilate to avoid freezing. .
- Load the condenser and cart above to avoid crushing the insulation and wood. Above and below the insulation layer are layers of waterproof oil paper arranged in two layers.
- To avoid internal and external water from flowing down the insulation layers.
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What is the operating principle of cold storage to preserve seafood?
After being processed, seafood is placed on trays and transferred to cold storage for freezing.
Cold storage will freeze products quickly in about 3 hours – 3.5 hours. Then the temperature inside the product will reach -18 degrees Celsius. And then the temperature supplied to the cold chamber maintains -40 degrees Celsius
When the product’s core temperature reaches -18 degrees Celsius, transfer the seafood to cold storage to maintain long-term temperatures of -18 degrees Celsius – 22 degrees Celsius.
Operating principle of cold storage
Thermal refrigeration system for frozen storage
Heat loss includes:
- Heat loss beyond the covering structure, due to operation
- Do cool the product with the freezer tray and freezer cart, along with water to fill the product.
- Heat loss due to operation: due to heat from opening doors, exhaust, lights, people entering and exiting the warehouse, heat emitted by fan motors.
Hopefully the above information can help you better understand the freezer storage refrigeration system.
Tan Long – Address providing industrial refrigeration services
Tan Long Mechanic Electric Refrigeration Joint Stock Company Established in 2005, specializing in the field of industrial refrigeration, with a core team of more than 20 years of experience in the field of operation, we have participated in completing many key projects all over the country. Tan Long provides comprehensive services from consulting, providing technical solutions, design and installation of industrial refrigeration systems, cold storage, and cool storage.
Tan Long’s top goal is to provide customers with the best products and services applying the latest technology to minimize energy consumption and maximize investment and product cost savings.
With our existing experience and strengths, we always best meet the needs of our customers.
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Tan Long Mechanic Electric Refrigeration Joint Stock Company
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